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1.
REME rev. min. enferm ; 20: e-967, 2016. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-835275

ABSTRACT

O câncer é uma enfermidade cercada de estigmas a qual afeta emocionalmente seus portadores, assim como os seus familiares. A pesquisa teve como objetivo apreender as representações sociais sobre o câncer entre familiares de pacientes submetidos a tratamento oncológico em um hospital de São Luís-Ma. Tratou-se de um estudo de natureza exploratório-descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, em que se seguiram os pressupostos da Teoria das Representações Sociais para fundamentação da pesquisa. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 102 familiares de pacientes em tratamento oncológico ambulatorial e a amostra foi do tipo aleatória e espontânea. Os dados foram coletados a partir da Técnica de Evocação Livre de Palavras e analisados com o auxílio do software EVOC 2003. A análise do quadro de quatro casas demonstrou uma representação negativa do câncer por parte dos familiares, com as seguintes palavras: desespero, dor, medo, morte, sofrimento, tratamento e tristeza como núcleo central das representações. E a palavra esperança constitui a primeira periferia. O estudo sobre as representações sociais do câncer entre os familiares de pacientes oncológicos mostrou-se de grande relevância, pois apresentou o sentimento presente entre os familiares daqueles acometidos pela doença.


Cancer is a disease surrounded by stigmas which emotionally affects their carriers as well as their families. The research aimed to apprehend thesocial representations of cancer among relatives of patients undergoing cancer treatment in a hospital in São Luís-Ma. This was a study of exploratoryand descriptive qualitative approach, where for reasons of research, followed by the assumptions of the Social Representation Theory. The studysubjects were 102 relatives of patients in outpatient cancer treatment and the sample of random and spontaneous type. Data were collected throughthe Summoning Technique Free of words and analyzed with the assistance of the software EVOC 2003. The analysis of the four houses picture showeda negative representation of cancer by family members, with the words, despair, pain, fear, death, suffering, treatment and sadness as the centerpieceof representations, and the word hope is the first periphery. The study on the social representations of cancer among family members of cancerpatients proved to be of great importance, as presented in the present feeling among the families of those affected by the disease.


El cáncer es una enfermedad rodeada de estigmas que afecta emocionalmente tanto a los pacientes como a sus familiares. La presente investigacióntuvo como objetivo aprehender las representaciones sociales del cáncer entre familiares de pacientes sometidos a tratamiento oncológico en unhospital de San Luís-Ma. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio y descriptivo que siguió las concepciones de la teoría de las representacionessociales. Los sujetos del estudio eran 102 familiares de pacientes en tratamiento oncológico ambulatorio; el muestro era aleatorio espontáneo. Losdatos eran recogidos siguiendo la técnica de evocación libre de palabras y analizados con ayuda del software EVOC 2003. El análisis del cuadro decuatro casilleros indicó que la representación del cáncer de los familiares era negativa, con las siguientes palabras: desesperación, dolor, miedo ,muerte, sufrimiento, tratamiento y tristeza como núcleo central de las representaciones. La palabra esperanza era la primera periférica. El estudiosobre las representaciones sociales del cáncer entre familiares de pacientes oncológicos resultó ser de gran importancia pues mostró el sentimientolatente entre los familiares de los afectados por la enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Care , Oncology Nursing , Family , Neoplasms , Family Relations
2.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 30(6): 626-630, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-774544

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The elderly population is growing rapidly. Political and socio-economic changes led to the demographic transition in this population with the highest number of surgeries and as well as many comorbidities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of cardiovascular intervention on quality of life of elderly patients after three and six months. METHODS: Analytical prospective cohort study with elderly between 60 and 80 years of age, of both sexes, with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease and underwent cardiovascular intervention during the period June 2010 to June 2011. Data were collected by individual interviews in the pre and postoperative periods (after three and six months) by telephone. We used the SF-36 to analyse quality of life in order to assess the physical and mental health of the study population. RESULTS: Of the 44 individuals evaluated, 59.1% were men, 75% in the range of 65 to 74 years, 38.6% were white and 38.6% were black, 31.8% were uneducated, 43.2% were married and 68.2% had less than a minimum wage. Prevailed patients: non-diabetics (68.2%), non-obese (81.8%), hypertensive (84.1%), non-alcoholic and non-smokers (68.2% and 61.4%, respectively). A significant increase in the average of the SF-36 scores between pre and post-surgical periods (three and six months) for the domains: functional capacity, pain, general health, vitality and emotional aspect. CONCLUSION: The elderly population undergoing intervention may have cardiovascular benefits and improvements of quality of life. Physical fitness improvement measures can be taken to resume that capability.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/psychology , Coronary Artery Bypass/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Health Status , Mental Health , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Outcome
3.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 491-497, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703117

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Depression during or shortly after hospitalization elevated two to three times the risk of mortality or nonfatal cardiac events, significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of revascularization on symptoms of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 57 patients of both sexes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between June 2010 and June 2011. We used the SF-36 to assess quality of life, and the Beck Depression Inventory to detect depressive symptoms, applied preoperatively and six months. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients aged 60-69 years was 22 patients (38.60%), 39 men (68.42%), 26 described themselves as mixed race (45.61%), 16 literate (28.07 %) and 30 married (52.63%). The beck depression inventory score demonstrated increased after revascularization: 15 patients mild (26.32%) at time zero to 17 (29.82%) after. And with moderate, seven patients (12.28%) before and 10 (17.54%) after. In the categories of individuals with decreased minimum degree of 32 (56.14%) to 28 (49.12%), and severe of three (5.26%) for two (3.51%) patients. Association was observed between beck depression inventory, gender, age, lifestyle, comorbidities and quality of life. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of elevated beck depression inventory scores, lowest scores of depressive symptoms among men and association between the improvement of quality of life scores and beck depression inventory.


INTRODUÇÃO: A depressão durante ou logo após a hospitalização, eleva duas a três vezes o risco de mortalidade ou eventos cardíacos não-fatais, aumentando sensivelmente a morbimortalidade desses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da revascularização do miocárdio nos sintomas de depressão de pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronariana. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo de 57 pacientes de ambos os sexos, submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, entre junho de 2010 e junho de 2011. Foram utilizados os questionários SF-36 para avaliar a qualidade de vida, e o Inventário de Depressão Beck para detectar sintomas depressivos, aplicados no pré-operatório e após seis meses. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de pacientes na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos foi de 22 (38,60%) pacientes, 39 (68,42%) homens, 26(45,61%) autodeclarados pardos, 16 (28,07%) alfabetizados e 30 (52,63%) casados. O escore Inventário de Depressão Beck demonstrou aumento após a revascularização de 15 (26,32%) pacientes em grau leve no momento zero para 17 (29,82%) após. E com grau moderado, sete (12,28%) pacientes antes e 10 (17,54%) após. Nas categorias de indivíduos com grau mínimo houve redução de 32 (56,14%) para 28 (49,12%) e grave de três (5,26%) para dois (3,51%) pacientes. Observou-se associação entre Inventário de Depressão Beck, sexo, idade, estilo de vida, comorbidades e a qualidade vida. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se elevada prevalência de escores elevados de inventário de depressão Beck, piores escores de sintomas depressivos entre homens e associação entre a melhoria dos escores de qualidade de vida e o Inventário de Depressão Beck.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass/psychology , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Age Factors , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Hospitalization , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Rev. bras. cardiol. (Impr.) ; 26(5): 337-346, set.-out. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-704448

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Qualidade de vida (QV) se associa a doenças cardiovasculares, tornando-se indispensável sua avaliação na prática clínica.Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RVM) e da angioplastia coronariana percutânea (ACTP) na QV de pacientes com doença arterial coronariana. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo e analítico, envolvendo 114 pacientes (ambos os sexos) submetidos a um dos dois procedimentos (grupo RVM e grupo ACTP), entre junho 2010 e junho 2011. Utilizou-se o questionário SF-36 como instrumento de avaliação, tendo sido aplicado durante o pré-operatório e aos três e seis meses de seguimento. Resultados: Na avaliação inicial da QV da população amostral, os escores médios dos domínios variaram de 24,79 a 74,65, observando-se maior comprometimento dos domínios físico, capacidade funcional e emocional, em ambos os grupos. Observou-se melhora nos domínios ao final de três meses, exceto nos domínios social e emocional no grupo da RVM. No sexto mês, não se observou melhora nos domínios físico e emocional no grupo RVM, e no social para ambos os grupos. Os pacientes com RVM apresentaram melhores escores no domínio mental, enquanto os submetidos à ACTP, no domínio físico. Em relação à percepção da saúde atual quando comparada há um ano, os submetidos à ACTP apresentaram melhora significativa quando comparados ao grupo RVM. Conclusão: Houve melhora na QV ao sexto mês tanto para os pacientes submetidos à RVM quanto à ACTP, sem superioridade para nenhum dos métodos.


Background: Quality of life (QoL) is related to cardiovascular diseases, making this essential for its evaluation in clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate the impact of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on the QoL for patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: A prospective cohort and analytical study of 114 patients (male/female) undergoing both procedures (CABG group and PTCA group) between June 2010 and June 2011. The SF-36 questionnaire was used as an evaluation tool, completed during the pre-operative stage and at three and six months follow-up. Results: The baseline QoL mean scores for the sample population ranged from 24.79 to 74.65, with greater involvement of the physical, emotional and functional capacity fields in both groups. Improvements were observed after three months, except for the social and emotional fields in the CABG group. In the sixth month, no improvement was noted in the physical and emotional fields for the CABG group, and the social field for both groups. The CABG patients posted higher scores in the mental field, while those undergoing PTCA scored higher in the physical field. In terms of perceptions of their current health compared to a year previously, the PTCA patients showed significant improvements compared to the CABG group. Conclusion: Improvement in the QoL at six months for PTCA and CABG patients, with neither method proving superior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Quality of Life/psychology , Myocardial Revascularization , Angioplasty , Cohort Studies , Risk Factors
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